Entomology Explored: Bridging Research, Education and Outreach with X-ray Computed Microtomography and Virtual Reality
In recent years, technological advancements have opened up new possibilities for understanding the natural world. A prime example of this can be seen in the field of entomology, where researchers are now using X-ray computed microtomography (micro-CT) and virtual reality (VR) to study insects in ways that were previously unimaginable. These innovations, including the use of VR software syGlass, are not only transforming research but are also playing a significant role in education and public outreach.
Traditionally, studying insect anatomy required physical dissection, a process that often led to the destruction of valuable specimens. Micro-CT, however, provides a non-invasive alternative. It allows for high-resolution 3D imaging of insects without compromising their physical integrity. This technology creates digital reconstructions of specimens, enabling researchers to perform detailed analyses multiple times on the same insect. In doing so, micro-CT ensures that unique or rare samples—such as those in museum collections—can be studied thoroughly without damage.
A minotaur beetle sample is investigated in syGlass virtual reality software, shown here from the first-person perspective.
Taking this a step further, the integration of virtual reality allows researchers, educators, and students to interact with these 3D reconstructions in immersive, interactive environments. The software syGlass stands at the forefront of this movement, allowing users to explore insect anatomy in VR with unprecedented depth. Instead of simply viewing a 3D model on a screen, syGlass lets users virtually "step inside" these reconstructions, rotate them, zoom in on microscopic details, and even digitally "dissect" them. This approach makes the study of insect morphology far more engaging and insightful.
Such immersive experiences are not only revolutionizing research but are also transforming how entomology is taught and communicated to the public. Insects play a crucial role in ecosystems, contributing an estimated $57 billion annually through services like pollination, nutrient recycling, and soil health. Yet, many insect species are misunderstood and often perceived negatively, which hampers conservation efforts. The ability to present insects in an engaging and interactive way through VR helps to overcome these perception barriers, fostering a deeper appreciation of their ecological importance.
In educational settings, syGlass and VR are proving to be powerful tools. Unlike traditional teaching methods, which may involve textbooks or limited physical dissections, VR offers students a hands-on, interactive learning experience. They can manipulate and explore insect structures in 3D, gaining a clearer understanding of anatomy and function. This not only enhances comprehension but also boosts student engagement and retention. VR also makes it possible to study intricate insect structures that would be difficult or impossible to examine through traditional means.
Dr. Richard Johnston of Swansea University narrates an immersive introduction to the minotaur beetle.
Museums, too, can benefit from the combination of micro-CT and VR. Interactive exhibits featuring 3D models of insects allow visitors to explore their biology in ways that would be unachievable through conventional displays. By providing a more immersive and engaging experience, museums can inspire curiosity and foster a greater understanding of the natural world.
The implications for research are equally significant. syGlass offers a range of tools for scientists to analyze 3D data, from measuring anatomical structures to comparing datasets. Virtual dissections performed in VR eliminate many of the challenges associated with physical dissection, such as the risk of damaging delicate tissue or obscuring important structures.
This technology has the potential to reduce the reliance on physical specimens for educational dissection. A single micro-CT scan of a well-preserved insect can be used repeatedly, preserving specimens for future study while still offering students valuable hands-on experience.
A recent paper by Holly Weston, Wendy Harris, Ross Williams, and Richard Johnston, published in Microscopy and Microanalysis (July 2024), explores how micro-CT and VR can be leveraged to create immersive, anatomically accurate models of insects. Readers interested in the technical details and further applications of this cutting-edge research are encouraged to read the full paper for more insights.
The combination of micro-CT and VR is ushering in a new era for entomological research, education, and public engagement. Through platforms like syGlass, users can interact with insects in ways that were once the realm of science fiction, offering both scientific and educational communities new tools to deepen our understanding of these essential yet often misunderstood creatures.
